{
  "id": "japan-tohoku-2011",
  "label": "Tohoku epicentres",
  "kind": "real",
  "application": "Seismology",
  "question": "Explore an elongated cloud. Do local queries and jumps cross different numbers of edges?",
  "description": "150 time-spaced events from 465 M >= 5 events, 11-18 March 2011 UTC, in the stated box; all locationSource=us. Depth is omitted. Not a live catalogue.",
  "source": {
    "publisher": "U.S. Geological Survey",
    "url": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/",
    "license": "Public domain (USGS)",
    "licenseUrl": "https://www.usgs.gov/information-policies-and-instructions/copyrights-and-credits",
    "attribution": "U.S. Geological Survey, ANSS Comprehensive Earthquake Catalog (ComCat), doi:10.5066/F7MS3QZH.",
    "retrievedUTC": "2026-10-05T01:37:30.808998+00:00",
    "rawSHA256": "f288eff56dfb1bd2d461574e2146b865ca5d3ff43f5d41b1d35f2f1e99087c73",
    "rawBytes": 78694,
    "downloadURL": "https://earthquake.usgs.gov/fdsnws/event/1/query?format=csv&starttime=2011-03-11T00%3A00%3A00&endtime=2011-03-18T00%3A00%3A00&minlatitude=30&maxlatitude=42&minlongitude=130&maxlongitude=146&minmagnitude=5&contributor=us&eventtype=earthquake&orderby=time-asc&limit=2000"
  },
  "transform": {
    "sourceCRS": "Source geographic longitude/latitude in decimal degrees; horizontal datum not asserted by this extract.",
    "projection": {
      "name": "Spherical Lambert azimuthal equal-area",
      "longitude0": 138,
      "latitude0": 36,
      "sphereRadius": 1,
      "unit": "dimensionless; normalized uniformly"
    },
    "fit": {
      "method": "Uniform similarity fit into [0.06,0.94]^2; no independent axis scaling.",
      "sourceBounds": [
        [
          0.02905601941977612,
          -0.028260265266192925
        ],
        [
          0.09330780839676339,
          0.0788288048764606
        ]
      ],
      "scale": 8.217458596173733,
      "center": [
        0.061181913908269756,
        0.02528426980513384
      ]
    },
    "order": "2011-03-11T00:00:00 to 2011-03-18T00:00:00 UTC; M>=5; lat 30..42; lon 130..146; contributor=us; earthquake; time ascending; 150 evenly spaced row indices.",
    "jitter": false
  },
  "selection": {
    "rule": "2011-03-11T00:00:00 to 2011-03-18T00:00:00 UTC; M>=5; lat 30..42; lon 130..146; contributor=us; earthquake; time ascending; 150 evenly spaced row indices.",
    "sourceCount": 465
  },
  "points": [
    [
      0.4893076035167233,
      0.6328404005520737
    ],
    [
      0.4690656419366462,
      0.5351515480882895
    ],
    [
      0.4399668637335718,
      0.36824032633115655
    ],
    [
      0.44440161536460876,
      0.36123715194675154
    ],
    [
      0.7030726045626767,
      0.571486675513942
    ],
    [
      0.4921969290350368,
      0.306371031896121
    ],
    [
      0.47446239735130635,
      0.7374272242388371
    ],
    [
      0.4421810691497896,
      0.39072774678246225
    ],
    [
      0.42183733269062773,
      0.3136985295710196
    ],
    [
      0.4578237478943971,
      0.1407907471191876
    ],
    [
      0.5903671225712921,
      0.5889121605571347
    ],
    [
      0.7077790998827399,
      0.5069148891362194
    ],
    [
      0.397357688082905,
      0.4391316926250607
    ],
    [
      0.7630434173471065,
      0.5135088167766128
    ],
    [
      0.4875985422697454,
      0.728546667441444
    ],
    [
      0.44247247242830046,
      0.40351866115063045
    ],
    [
      0.5019921987342434,
      0.3182955973360304
    ],
    [
      0.4635321151328781,
      0.5106461173183828
    ],
    [
      0.48168912129360697,
      0.7378971254040895
    ],
    [
      0.4909468542002479,
      0.43845187534317404
    ],
    [
      0.44633833130425404,
      0.3590171667851252
    ],
    [
      0.4740699420270245,
      0.43886231466829123
    ],
    [
      0.4023742620547257,
      0.5497071567407165
    ],
    [
      0.5485672353629575,
      0.4469145420201242
    ],
    [
      0.5452285921396648,
      0.5309417847969955
    ],
    [
      0.7451860913717829,
      0.4676679480805197
    ],
    [
      0.5687724749722002,
      0.5031185667408654
    ],
    [
      0.5496040817630126,
      0.7568628456975377
    ],
    [
      0.5388147586501303,
      0.5408230508385441
    ],
    [
      0.5040368267803655,
      0.5069824683231521
    ],
    [
      0.3551234562536413,
      0.34468257235819383
    ],
    [
      0.534687800665108,
      0.5026925111004273
    ],
    [
      0.5996795862702445,
      0.5501872300213069
    ],
    [
      0.46524382928400376,
      0.6319148301271524
    ],
    [
      0.5179003539509603,
      0.8062453395166816
    ],
    [
      0.5558679574156495,
      0.8231279539666428
    ],
    [
      0.47920347198368046,
      0.39743546820681686
    ],
    [
      0.34412104249537834,
      0.2699932999140483
    ],
    [
      0.45734382596779605,
      0.4819531058765385
    ],
    [
      0.6267717234155628,
      0.5916795199511582
    ],
    [
      0.5720990939144468,
      0.6498623869669568
    ],
    [
      0.571581828779732,
      0.5210837102024292
    ],
    [
      0.3936809382451546,
      0.5485270535059621
    ],
    [
      0.51729269909308,
      0.45129176244909264
    ],
    [
      0.4333225188063434,
      0.35520084350965164
    ],
    [
      0.33884200774652273,
      0.2520369568681622
    ],
    [
      0.5943425952556821,
      0.7575603476001036
    ],
    [
      0.23600679217575765,
      0.5938683609495476
    ],
    [
      0.7639932078242424,
      0.5925912499119367
    ],
    [
      0.3650588893745658,
      0.2987856029978658
    ],
    [
      0.5340291033047576,
      0.481398154405331
    ],
    [
      0.4522227719868865,
      0.7611465904853589
    ],
    [
      0.7377488151098534,
      0.7336520477703792
    ],
    [
      0.42953692912315156,
      0.3694120583085537
    ],
    [
      0.6410316707393463,
      0.4523365652848182
    ],
    [
      0.4142621179525069,
      0.3210248191299573
    ],
    [
      0.42468550122868765,
      0.3211283981428361
    ],
    [
      0.42933543564000626,
      0.3537543024403028
    ],
    [
      0.5303116124935466,
      0.7659312382922536
    ],
    [
      0.6796927048355067,
      0.742716941068682
    ],
    [
      0.5730102858513132,
      0.647611960862641
    ],
    [
      0.31703729483366455,
      0.31440169886450864
    ],
    [
      0.4674717922215047,
      0.458972674730299
    ],
    [
      0.6869672241593553,
      0.4732272351104125
    ],
    [
      0.449660661309647,
      0.296401053574791
    ],
    [
      0.42401029969948584,
      0.4844891332915003
    ],
    [
      0.4431385564404782,
      0.358171468851339
    ],
    [
      0.4821061436271602,
      0.4722429722489558
    ],
    [
      0.49429560891464713,
      0.5180276470819773
    ],
    [
      0.7081613394113503,
      0.782987872721387
    ],
    [
      0.49273678839728907,
      0.38309138369599904
    ],
    [
      0.7037813396961112,
      0.6740953165876141
    ],
    [
      0.39390063949640863,
      0.2031526869782354
    ],
    [
      0.43963128518269146,
      0.30045505855289856
    ],
    [
      0.5336557494176734,
      0.4958899578111113
    ],
    [
      0.46500406635083225,
      0.47380282504613525
    ],
    [
      0.5811932595378986,
      0.7654502198671747
    ],
    [
      0.43225244564275483,
      0.2718836459097277
    ],
    [
      0.3306775677569572,
      0.3350323191084761
    ],
    [
      0.5672115676604371,
      0.4587792580817981
    ],
    [
      0.6297289901633221,
      0.5163773244581589
    ],
    [
      0.7061859870501346,
      0.7309288746361131
    ],
    [
      0.4163748509911887,
      0.2732954443912192
    ],
    [
      0.3543178302997756,
      0.44096372103294523
    ],
    [
      0.5532811920342289,
      0.7609334972376414
    ],
    [
      0.48813179772363763,
      0.48313733704787626
    ],
    [
      0.6613451797934461,
      0.46719783255545616
    ],
    [
      0.49411167139021495,
      0.3729548080369756
    ],
    [
      0.5032733797103928,
      0.7139125604846754
    ],
    [
      0.6413144734369232,
      0.3903869453330303
    ],
    [
      0.4336614487571049,
      0.3167344637289846
    ],
    [
      0.4205110549572306,
      0.34882353713754777
    ],
    [
      0.49243630328023263,
      0.37948737462925813
    ],
    [
      0.5434697252240381,
      0.5184982086425889
    ],
    [
      0.4762272210159869,
      0.7474137803258103
    ],
    [
      0.5056849951057335,
      0.8134037948169205
    ],
    [
      0.34315783653250886,
      0.18586264765107546
    ],
    [
      0.3851370522584717,
      0.2852461062854914
    ],
    [
      0.42785788850650375,
      0.3531231701863619
    ],
    [
      0.47863341146624455,
      0.7578605341656999
    ],
    [
      0.7405882691482475,
      0.7485265850769934
    ],
    [
      0.6394121037654975,
      0.4798466554560712
    ],
    [
      0.6467628081047918,
      0.5098960204215225
    ],
    [
      0.6219635410361316,
      0.4749629211685032
    ],
    [
      0.4737798404817898,
      0.7401247326038539
    ],
    [
      0.6213383003144952,
      0.5587347210351461
    ],
    [
      0.4812290163523856,
      0.7945921313186577
    ],
    [
      0.42320138165101384,
      0.2680942610231606
    ],
    [
      0.6035702494515574,
      0.5557205777754121
    ],
    [
      0.5198233019117037,
      0.5503855455022609
    ],
    [
      0.7024941728877951,
      0.581949993509415
    ],
    [
      0.438542948307857,
      0.5422063175443861
    ],
    [
      0.4173098745396595,
      0.5939130959140232
    ],
    [
      0.6132254658198427,
      0.46354712982115925
    ],
    [
      0.5292751165185823,
      0.597529509556426
    ],
    [
      0.6611022868002474,
      0.529015846098395
    ],
    [
      0.6973338268897588,
      0.8445405230881281
    ],
    [
      0.5800906997448468,
      0.8060515066749767
    ],
    [
      0.557087585244357,
      0.6210551342686179
    ],
    [
      0.569310188629534,
      0.830027811408552
    ],
    [
      0.492002319862617,
      0.736791741656899
    ],
    [
      0.42508156374812034,
      0.05999999999999994
    ],
    [
      0.5392542487090313,
      0.5590903650646925
    ],
    [
      0.5051051298703452,
      0.7984414541267313
    ],
    [
      0.5168146875019699,
      0.5818435782119517
    ],
    [
      0.43693629238337633,
      0.304082945018752
    ],
    [
      0.42956860979019196,
      0.4304338582883338
    ],
    [
      0.6194924837586409,
      0.9278724109191439
    ],
    [
      0.6246143700546487,
      0.4164612130525842
    ],
    [
      0.4388468715854779,
      0.390595326897056
    ],
    [
      0.33747008045276217,
      0.43742017243370535
    ],
    [
      0.3729247327508187,
      0.40267968545199134
    ],
    [
      0.42026994340105106,
      0.32455096802454064
    ],
    [
      0.4957232588773924,
      0.4544648528064343
    ],
    [
      0.35344719016542026,
      0.26195792492323317
    ],
    [
      0.6704781579144643,
      0.5574869002416127
    ],
    [
      0.4872923734767822,
      0.4991855866024933
    ],
    [
      0.5387540778533927,
      0.94
    ],
    [
      0.4444806319960458,
      0.5414424185796245
    ],
    [
      0.44094546018011427,
      0.6070567869082396
    ],
    [
      0.2599311192283827,
      0.4020269962850683
    ],
    [
      0.38704890774374845,
      0.5217334566719464
    ],
    [
      0.3933978469073488,
      0.5377509500006554
    ],
    [
      0.4074336006712485,
      0.6644468555513114
    ],
    [
      0.6397815806224741,
      0.5025842296880538
    ],
    [
      0.6206428861133128,
      0.5996633942270057
    ],
    [
      0.6605251776901864,
      0.695061826441875
    ],
    [
      0.4719256733035745,
      0.913179348781151
    ],
    [
      0.36508103445527895,
      0.40686758982454496
    ],
    [
      0.4336179367492998,
      0.32979857054888206
    ]
  ],
  "sourceIDs": [
    "official20110311054624120_30",
    "usp000hvnx",
    "usp000hvp0",
    "usp000hvp4",
    "usp000hvp7",
    "usp000hvpc",
    "usp000hvpf",
    "usp000hvpj",
    "usp000hvpp",
    "usp000hvps",
    "usp000hvpv",
    "usp000hvpy",
    "usp000hvq1",
    "usp000hvq4",
    "usp000hvq8",
    "usp000hvqb",
    "usp000hvqe",
    "usp000hvqh",
    "usp000hvqm",
    "usp000hvqq",
    "usp000hvqu",
    "usp000hvqx",
    "usp000hvr2",
    "usp000hvr5",
    "usp000hvr8",
    "usp000hvrb",
    "usp000hvre",
    "usp000hvrh",
    "usp000hvrm",
    "usp000hvrq",
    "usp000hvrt",
    "usp000hvs2",
    "usp000hvs6",
    "usp000hvsn",
    "usp000hvsv",
    "usp000hvt0",
    "usp000hvt6",
    "usp000hvtc",
    "usp000hvtg",
    "usp000hvtn",
    "usp000hvtw",
    "usp000hvtz",
    "usp000hvu6",
    "usp000hvu9",
    "usp000hvud",
    "usp000hvug",
    "usp000hvuk",
    "usp000hvup",
    "usp000hvut",
    "usp000hvux",
    "usp000hvv1",
    "usp000hvv4",
    "usp000hvvc",
    "usp000hvvk",
    "usp000hvvq",
    "usp000hvvw",
    "usp000hvw1",
    "usp000hvw7",
    "usp000hvwg",
    "usp000hvwn",
    "usp000hvwr",
    "usp000hvwz",
    "usp000hvx9",
    "usp000hvxc",
    "usp000hvxr",
    "usp000hvxw",
    "usp000hvy2",
    "usp000hvy7",
    "usp000hvyh",
    "usp000hvyr",
    "usp000hvz2",
    "usp000hvzk",
    "usp000hvzr",
    "usp000hvzu",
    "usp000hvzy",
    "usp000hw0m",
    "usp000hw10",
    "usp000hw16",
    "usp000hw1a",
    "usp000hw1k",
    "usp000hw1t",
    "usp000hw21",
    "usp000hw2f",
    "usp000hw2m",
    "usp000hw2v",
    "usp000hw3p",
    "usp000hw4n",
    "usp000hw4y",
    "usp000hw5x",
    "usp000hw6b",
    "usp000hw6s",
    "usp000hw7c",
    "usp000hw7k",
    "usp000hw7w",
    "usp000hw8e",
    "usp000hw8q",
    "usp000hw93",
    "usp000hw9z",
    "usp000hwat",
    "usp000hwb0",
    "usp000hwbu",
    "usp000hwd1",
    "usp000hwdf",
    "usp000hwe1",
    "usp000hwec",
    "usp000hwfp",
    "usp000hwfz",
    "usp000hwgn",
    "usp000hwhv",
    "usp000hwjx",
    "usp000hwma",
    "usp000hwmq",
    "usp000hwnq",
    "usp000hwp4",
    "usp000hwps",
    "usp000hwq7",
    "usp000hwqv",
    "usp000hwr0",
    "usp000hwrz",
    "usp000hwtg",
    "usp000hwue",
    "usp000hww5",
    "usp000hwwz",
    "usp000hwx6",
    "usp000hwy5",
    "usp000hx02",
    "usp000hx17",
    "usp000hx1x",
    "usp000hx2s",
    "usp000hx3b",
    "usp000hx3g",
    "usp000hx3p",
    "usp000hx65",
    "usp000hx7b",
    "usp000hx8s",
    "usp000hx9w",
    "usp000hxbc",
    "usp000hxbx",
    "usp000hxc8",
    "usp000hxdh",
    "usp000hxe0",
    "usp000hxf4",
    "usp000hxg7",
    "usp000hxh5",
    "usp000hxjn",
    "usp000hxmh",
    "usp000hxms",
    "usp000hxn8",
    "usp000hxny",
    "usp000hxqd"
  ],
  "sourceCoordinates": [
    [
      142.373,
      38.297
    ],
    [
      142.155,
      37.623
    ],
    [
      141.84,
      36.469
    ],
    [
      141.876,
      36.419
    ],
    [
      144.233,
      37.788
    ],
    [
      142.269,
      36.023
    ],
    [
      142.284,
      39.03
    ],
    [
      141.867,
      36.625
    ],
    [
      141.665,
      36.094
    ],
    [
      141.916,
      34.88
    ],
    [
      143.248,
      37.956
    ],
    [
      144.237,
      37.337
    ],
    [
      141.493,
      36.974
    ],
    [
      144.725,
      37.357
    ],
    [
      142.398,
      38.964
    ],
    [
      141.874,
      36.714
    ],
    [
      142.358,
      36.103
    ],
    [
      142.097,
      37.454
    ],
    [
      142.349,
      39.031
    ],
    [
      142.309,
      36.943
    ],
    [
      141.892,
      36.403
    ],
    [
      142.162,
      36.951
    ],
    [
      141.573,
      37.743
    ],
    [
      142.815,
      36.983
    ],
    [
      142.823,
      37.569
    ],
    [
      144.541,
      37.047
    ],
    [
      143.017,
      37.367
    ],
    [
      142.967,
      39.14
    ],
    [
      142.771,
      37.64
    ],
    [
      142.451,
      37.416
    ],
    [
      141.098,
      36.326
    ],
    [
      142.718,
      37.376
    ],
    [
      143.311,
      37.683
    ],
    [
      142.159,
      38.298
    ],
    [
      142.705,
      39.495
    ],
    [
      143.056,
      39.599
    ],
    [
      142.191,
      36.661
    ],
    [
      140.983,
      35.808
    ],
    [
      142.032,
      37.256
    ],
    [
      143.571,
      37.961
    ],
    [
      143.116,
      38.387
    ],
    [
      143.05,
      37.491
    ],
    [
      141.496,
      37.737
    ],
    [
      142.544,
      37.024
    ],
    [
      141.778,
      36.38
    ],
    [
      140.933,
      35.684
    ],
    [
      143.369,
      39.128
    ],
    [
      140.115,
      38.085
    ],
    [
      144.783,
      37.906
    ],
    [
      141.171,
      36.004
    ],
    [
      142.703,
      37.228
    ],
    [
      142.094,
      39.202
    ],
    [
      144.64,
      38.899
    ],
    [
      141.75,
      36.48
    ],
    [
      143.624,
      36.986
    ],
    [
      141.602,
      36.147
    ],
    [
      141.692,
      36.145
    ],
    [
      141.743,
      36.371
    ],
    [
      142.798,
      39.21
    ],
    [
      144.126,
      38.989
    ],
    [
      143.123,
      38.371
    ],
    [
      140.761,
      36.123
    ],
    [
      142.112,
      37.093
    ],
    [
      144.036,
      37.112
    ],
    [
      141.899,
      35.966
    ],
    [
      141.741,
      37.283
    ],
    [
      141.864,
      36.398
    ],
    [
      142.245,
      37.181
    ],
    [
      142.37,
      37.496
    ],
    [
      144.406,
      39.256
    ],
    [
      142.303,
      36.557
    ],
    [
      144.3,
      38.501
    ],
    [
      141.391,
      35.331
    ],
    [
      141.814,
      35.997
    ],
    [
      142.706,
      37.329
    ],
    [
      142.096,
      37.197
    ],
    [
      143.255,
      39.188
    ],
    [
      141.741,
      35.8
    ],
    [
      140.884,
      36.264
    ],
    [
      142.983,
      37.059
    ],
    [
      143.558,
      37.436
    ],
    [
      144.356,
      38.895
    ],
    [
      141.605,
      35.814
    ],
    [
      141.118,
      36.997
    ],
    [
      143.002,
      39.167
    ],
    [
      142.302,
      37.255
    ],
    [
      143.809,
      37.081
    ],
    [
      142.311,
      36.486
    ],
    [
      142.532,
      38.857
    ],
    [
      143.595,
      36.555
    ],
    [
      141.768,
      36.112
    ],
    [
      141.665,
      36.339
    ],
    [
      142.299,
      36.532
    ],
    [
      142.802,
      37.483
    ],
    [
      142.304,
      39.099
    ],
    [
      142.598,
      39.549
    ],
    [
      140.953,
      35.222
    ],
    [
      141.34,
      35.905
    ],
    [
      141.73,
      36.367
    ],
    [
      142.33,
      39.171
    ],
    [
      144.675,
      39.001
    ],
    [
      143.624,
      37.178
    ],
    [
      143.704,
      37.384
    ],
    [
      143.469,
      37.151
    ],
    [
      142.279,
      39.049
    ],
    [
      143.506,
      37.734
    ],
    [
      142.369,
      39.426
    ],
    [
      141.662,
      35.776
    ],
    [
      143.348,
      37.72
    ],
    [
      142.608,
      37.713
    ],
    [
      144.234,
      37.861
    ],
    [
      141.889,
      37.681
    ],
    [
      141.72,
      38.047
    ],
    [
      143.387,
      37.075
    ],
    [
      142.712,
      38.038
    ],
    [
      143.84,
      37.511
    ],
    [
      144.347,
      39.689
    ],
    [
      143.266,
      39.471
    ],
    [
      142.969,
      38.192
    ],
    [
      143.181,
      39.642
    ],
    [
      142.441,
      39.02
    ],
    [
      141.613,
      34.326
    ],
    [
      142.783,
      37.767
    ],
    [
      142.586,
      39.445
    ],
    [
      142.595,
      37.933
    ],
    [
      141.792,
      36.023
    ],
    [
      141.771,
      36.905
    ],
    [
      143.69,
      40.303
    ],
    [
      143.463,
      36.743
    ],
    [
      141.838,
      36.625
    ],
    [
      140.97,
      36.976
    ],
    [
      141.269,
      36.726
    ],
    [
      141.655,
      36.17
    ],
    [
      142.357,
      37.053
    ],
    [
      141.061,
      35.75
    ],
    [
      143.938,
      37.705
    ],
    [
      142.301,
      37.367
    ],
    [
      142.959,
      40.419
    ],
    [
      141.941,
      37.674
    ],
    [
      141.934,
      38.132
    ],
    [
      140.286,
      36.744
    ],
    [
      141.429,
      37.552
    ],
    [
      141.49,
      37.662
    ],
    [
      141.657,
      38.541
    ],
    [
      143.639,
      37.336
    ],
    [
      143.521,
      38.019
    ],
    [
      143.927,
      38.666
    ],
    [
      142.336,
      40.255
    ],
    [
      141.202,
      36.757
    ],
    [
      141.772,
      36.203
    ]
  ],
  "limitations": "Planar triangulation after projection; not geodesic Delaunay. Lines, roads, coasts and gaps are not barriers.",
  "version": "v12-20261005",
  "inputCount": 150,
  "uniqueCount": 150,
  "duplicates": {
    "policy": "Exact binary-coordinate equality; the core retains the first occurrence. No epsilon merging.",
    "removed": 0,
    "groups": []
  },
  "orderSha256": "ceef448a5e7b28e40485fbe5180526b2fe208339b89de6087ea8209cef095cfa",
  "hashEncoding": "SHA-256 of ordered interleaved x,y IEEE-754 binary64, little-endian",
  "quantization": "None added. Frozen decimal literals round-trip to their original binary64 values.",
  "frame": "Four artificial square corners are added by the unchanged core.",
  "seedPolicy": "Coordinates are fixed. The interface seed affects hierarchy, fixed sample, walks and query paths.",
  "maximumInputPoints": 180
}
